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Physiology in Sleep
1st Edition - December 28, 1980
Editor: John Orem
Language: English
eBook ISBN:9780323154161
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 5 4 1 6 - 1
Physiology in Sleep provides the physiological definition of sleep and presents the philosophical approach to sleep that departs from pharmacological and neurophysiological…Read more
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Physiology in Sleep provides the physiological definition of sleep and presents the philosophical approach to sleep that departs from pharmacological and neurophysiological theories of sleep. This book discusses the effects of sleep on cardiovascular and respiratory function, cerebral metabolism and blood flow, as well as temperature regulation. Comprised of eight chapters, this text starts with an overview of the cardiovascular changes that occur during sleep and its direct relevance to human physiology and disease. This book then explores the variety of sleep stages, characteristics, and possible functions. Other chapters consider the evidence of nychtohemeral rhythmicity in man’s hormones that subserve growth, maturation, nurture, reproduction, mineral metabolism, energy regulation, adaptation, and survival. This book further discusses the gastric, esophageal, and intestinal functioning during sleep. The final chapter explores the sleep apnea syndromes and some examples of the sudden infant death syndrome. This book is intended for readers seeking a detailed account of physiology in sleep.
List of Contributors
Foreword
Preface
1. Cardiovascular Regulation during Sleep
I. Introduction
II. Neurophysiological Remarks
III. Cardiovascular Effects of Sleep
IV. Autonomic and Nonautonomic Mechanisms Operating during Sleep
V. Cardiovascular Reflexes during Sleep
VI. Experimental Hypertension and Sleep
VII. Cardiovascular Functions in Human Sleep
References
2. Sleep and the Cerebral Circulation
I. Introduction
II. Regulation of the Cerebral Circulation
III. CBF during Sleep
IV. Cerebral Metabolism during Sleep
V. Summary
References
3. Temperature Regulation during Sleep: A Study in Homeostasis
I. Introduction
II. Changes in Hypothalamic and Body Temperatures during the Sleep Cycle
III. Autonomic Temperature Regulation during the Sleep Cycle
IV. Hypothalamic Unit Activity during the Sleep Cycle
V. Conclusions
References
4 Endocrine Rhythms across Sleep-Wake Cycles in Normal Young Men under Basal State Conditions
I. Introduction
II. Hormonal Release Patterns
III. Purpose of Present Studies
IV. Basal State: Study Conditions and Methods
V. Evidence of Nychtohemeral Rhythms in Hormones under Basal State Conditions
VI. Phase Synchronization of 24-Hour-Long Nychtohemeral Rhythms of Hormones: Comparison of Clocktime, Sleep Onset Time, and Sundown as Basal State Reference Points
VII. Sleep-Related Masking Effects upon 24-Hour-Long Nychtohemeral Rhythms of Hormones
VIII. Summary
References
5. Hormonal Regulation of Renal Function during Sleep
I. Introduction
II. Central Neurotransmitter Regulation of Sleep
III. Vasopressin (Antidiuretic Hormone)
IV. Aldosterone
V. Prolactin
VI. Parathyroid Hormone
VII. Catecholamines and Prostaglandins
VIII. Conclusion
References
6. Alimentary Function during Sleep
I. Introduction
II. Gastric Function
III. Esophageal Function
IV. Intestinal Motility
References
7. Breathing in Sleep
I. Introduction
II. Spontaneous Changes of Respiration during Sleep
III. Sleep State and Neural Organization of Respiration
IV. Responses to Hypercapnia
V. Responses to Hypoxia
VI. Upper Airway Reflexes in Sleep
VII. Lower Airway and Lung Receptor Reflexes in Sleep
VIII. Lower Airway Function in Sleep
IX. Conclusion
References
8. Control of the Upper Airways during Sleep and the Hypersomnia-Sleep Apnea Syndrome
I. Introduction
II. Upper Airway Function during Sleep in Animals and Asymptomatic Humans
III. Structural Deviations in the Upper Airways
IV. Active Adduction of the Upper Airways
V. Sites of Obstruction during Sleep
VI. The Pathological Link between Airway Obstruction and Sleep
VII. Apneas in NREM Sleep
VIII. Apneas in REM Sleep
IX. A Summary of Mechanisms of Occlusion and Dilation during Arousal and Sleep
References
Appendix: A Compendium of Physiology in Sleep
I. Introduction
II. Cardiovascular Physiology in Sleep
III. Cerebral Blood Flow, Intracranial Pressure, and Cerebral Metabolism during Sleep